General Anatomy and Physiology (5 ECTS)

Learning outcomes

Students are able to explain the basic structure of macromolecules. They are able to describe the structure of the cell, the cell's internal functions, genetic material, organization, protein synthesis, and cell cycle related events.
They will identify the key tissues and are able to explain the cellular structure and the significance of the structure to the function. They areable to identify the main structures of the body and describe the functions of organ systems, their regulation and their significance to the overall functioning of the body. They can identify the head and neck bones and muscles, as well as the main blood vessels and nerves.

Content

Macromolecules, cell structure, function, growth, metabolism, and energy economy, genome structure and protein synthesis, tissues, circulatory, respiratory, digestive system, musculoskeletal system, kidney function, fluid balance control, neural and hormonal regulation, physiology of the senses, head and neck anatomy.

Teaching methods

online learning: lectures, reading material, assignments (Moodle)
contact lectures

Learning materials and recommended literature

Selected chapters from the following books are available to students online:
- Nienstedt, W. ja Kallio, S. Luut ja ytimet. Ihmiselimistö lyhyesti. WSOY.
- Vierimaa, H. ja Laurila, M. Keho. Anatomia ja fysiologia. WSOYpro.
- Sand, O. ym : Ihminen. Fysiologia ja anatomia. WSOY.
- Karhumäki, E. et al. Päästä varpaisiin. Ihmisen anatomia ja fysiologia. Edita.
Visible Body - virtual anatomy 3D application is available to students online

Exam dates and retake possibilities

Online exams open:
Theme 1: Fri 15.3. at 8.00 - Sat 16.3. at 23.59
Theme 2: Fri 22.3. at 8.00 - Sat 23.3. at 23.59
Theme 3: Sat 30.3. at 8.00 - Mon 1.4. at 23.59
Theme 4: Fri 12.4. at 8.00 - Sat 13.4. at 23.59
Theme 5: Fri 3.5. at 8.00- Sat 4.5. at 23.59
Final exam Fri 10.5. at 9.30-11.30
Re-exams: Mon 3.6.2019 and Tue 11.6.2019

Student workload

5 x 27h = 135h
contact lessons 35h
online assignments 44h
Independent studying 50h

Content scheduling

Theme 1 (molecules, cells and tissues): 1.3.-15.3.
Theme 2 (blood, lymphatic system, circulatory and respiratory system): 18.3.-22.3.
Theme 3 (nervous system): 26.3.-1.4.
Theme 4 (head and neck musculoskeletal system): 5.4.-12.4.
Theme 5 (renal system, endocrine system, digestive system and metabolism): 29.4.-3.5.

Further information for students

Detailed content:
GENERAL BIOCHEMISTRY
proteins
- structure
- types
- enzymes
- collagen
carbohydrates
- stucture
- mono- and polysaccharides
- mucins
- glycogen
Lipids
- structure
- fatty acids, phospholipids, cholesterol
- steroid hormones
- membrane biochemistry
Nucleic acids and protein synthesis
- DNA, RNA
- genetic code
- DNA replication
- protein synthesis
Bioenergetics
- ATP and ADP
- glycolysis
- Krebs cycle
- role of oxygen
GENERAL ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
The cell
- cell membrane
- cell compartments
- cell organelles
Basic tissues
- epithelium
- connective tissues
- muscle tissue
- nervous tissue
- glands
Head
- skull
- muscles of facial expression
- superficial and deep arteries, veins and lymphatics
- peripheral cranial nerve distribution
- paranasal sinuses
- ear and vestibulum
Blood and the cardiovascular system
Lymphatic system
Respiratory system
Digestive system
Kidney functions and the fluid balance
Musculoskeletal system (especially head and neck anatomy)
Central and peripheral nervous system, autonomic nervous system, reflexes
Electrophysiology of the nerve cell
- resting and action potential
- synapses
- receptors
Endocrine system
Sensory physiology
- touch
- pain
- sense of equilibrium

Assessment methods and criteria

Exams (online exams and final exam): 50% of points is required to pass. Grade scale 1-5.
online assignments: pass/rewrite
Permitted aids at the final examination:
One A4-sized paper of handwritten notes per each of the five themes, pen, pencil, eraser

Evaluation scale

0-5

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1)

The student is able to:
- display learning in core content
- use individual professional concepts correctly
- find information for a specific situation
- distinguish between non-theoretical and theoretical information
- act in individual professional situations as instructed - display learning in his professional
field
- show that he has achieved the targets for core competence
- follow safety instructions
- display learning in the ethical principles of his professional field
- operate as a member of a student group

Assessment criteria, good (3)

The student is able to:
- display an understanding of concepts and professional knowledge in the field
- assess and limit the amount of information needed
- operate well in typical professional duties and contexts
- operate in a multicultural environment
- operate safely
- act according to professional ethics
- operate in a student group

Assessment criteria, excellent (5)

The student is able to:
- use concepts and knowledge in his field systematically
- assess and use various information sources
- apply professional information in professional assignments
- work in various duties in a variety of operating environments
- act independently and responsibly in professional contexts
- to take safety issues into consideration in his action
- argue his choices on the basis of professional ethics
- organise the activities of a group of students

Assessment criteria, approved/failed

The student is able to:
- The student does not know or appreciate knowledge in the field sufficiently
- The student does not know or cannot use concepts in his field properly
- The student's professional level is not properly developed
- The student is not acting in accordance with his training and guidance
- The student is not familiar with instructions related to professional safety or ethical principles
- The student withdraws from cooperation with others