Anatomy and Physiology - Focus on the Upper Extremities (5 cr)

Objective

The student can recognise and name the structures of the bones in the shoulders and upper limbs in detail. They can name and explain the structures and functioning of the joints in the shoulders and upper limbs. The student can recognise and name the muscles in the shoulders and upper limbs, describe their functioning with every joint and explain the basics of muscle innervation. The student is able to use foreign professional terminology. The student can explain the key chemical and biochemical factors affecting biological processes in the body. They are able to describe the importance of the key biomolecules in the cell structure and metabolism.
The student is able to combine anatomic knowledge with palpation. The student is anatomically precise and develops their palpation skills. The student can locate the muscles of the shoulder girdle and upper limbs using muscle activation and can evaluate the tonus of these muscles. The student can locate the muscles of the neck, middle torso and lower limbs using muscle activation and can evaluate the tonus of these muscles. The student uses their knowledge in ergonomics when working. The student self-assesses and develops their competence and learning methods.

Content

Bones, joints and muscles of the shoulders and upper limbs
Main nerves and blood vessels in the shoulders and upper limbs
Palpation of the muscles of the upper limbs and shoulder girdle
Palpation of the muscles of the neck, middle torso and lower limbs
Structure and importance of the cell membrane
Main features of the structure of biomolecules – proteins, carbohydrates, lipids and nucleic acids
Key tasks of biomolecules in the structures and metabolism of the body
Water as a solvent
Diffusion and osmosis
Professional terminology

Materials

Anatomy:

Ross, L.M. & Lamperti, E.D. (toim.) THIEME Atlas of anatomy. General anatomy and musculoskeletal system. Latin nomenclature. Thieme. Owning a copy is recommended.

And materials provided by the teacher.

Physiology:

Sand, O. ym.: Ihminen. Fysiologia ja anatomia. WSOYpro.

And materials provided by the teacher.

Palpation:

Muscolino, Joseph E. 2019. The Muscle and Bone Palpation Manual with Trigger Points, Referral Patterns and Stretching 1st Edition.

And materials provided by the teacher.

Teaching methods

Anatomy:

Interactive lectures, guided assignments, independent work.

Physiology:

Interactive lectures, guided assignments, independent work.

Palpation:

Practical instruction, guided assignments, independent work.

Exam schedules

Anatomy

Exam A: 5.2.2025
Exam B: 19.3.2025

1st re-exam (A+B): 6.5.2025
2nd re-exam (A+B): 3.6.2025

Re-exams are possible only on above mentioned dates. The student can take the re-exam two times maximum. If the student doesn’t pass the re-exam on the second try, the student is to redo the course with the next group in the following season.

If the student wishes to improve their grade, all anatomy exams are to be taken in the same re-exam. This is possible only in the 1st re-exam and can only be done once.

Palpation

Exam:
1st re-exam:
2nd re-exam:

Completion alternatives

If the student has individualized educational support or study arrangements, the student must contact the teacher of the course, or course segment, immediately after the end of the registration period or latest before the start of the course.

Student workload

5 sc
1 sc = 27 hours of student’s work = 10 hours of contact teaching, 17 hours of independent work

Content scheduling

Anatomy:

Bones, joints and muscles of the shoulder girdle and upper limb
Important neurovascular structures of the shoulder area and upper limb

Physiology:

Strucute and function of the cell membrane
Characteristics of basic biomolecyles - proteins, carbohydrates and nuclein acids
Biomolecylar functions in body structures and metabolism
Water as a solvent
Diffusion and osmosis

Palpation:

Palpation of the muscles of the upper limb and the shoulder girdle
Palpation of the muslces of the neck, trunk and lower limb muscles

Further information

The MATERIALS and assignments designed by the teacher are protected by the Finnish Copyright Law (404/61). It is not allowed to use or distribute any assignments or MATERIALS in any other way than in the student's OWN personal studies. Distributing can be done ONLY with the teacher's personal permission.

Evaluation scale

0-5

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1)

PROFESSIONAL KNOWLEDGE BASE
· Student can search for professional knowledge regarding a single issue
· Student is familiar with the professional knowledge base of the field
· Student distinguishes informal information from research knowledge

PROFESSIONAL SKILLS AND ACTIONS
· Student can act in individual professional situations according to instruction
· Student aims to act in a client-oriented way
· Student proves to have adequate skills to act in
professional situations

ETHICS, COOPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT
· Student is familiar with the ethical principles of the field
· Student can work as a member of a work group
· Student is able to evaluate personal strengths and development needs

Management of the foreign terminology is at least 50 % of what is demanded.
Students use foreign professional concepts systematically.
Students identify anatomical structures and repeat their meaning.

Assessment criteria, good (3)

PROFESSIONAL KNOWLEDGE BASE
· Student can search for knowledge from various
sources and is familiar with the professional knowledge base of the field

PROFESSIONAL SKILLS AND ACTIONS
· Student can work well in typical professional tasks and situations
· Student can work in a client-oriented way

ETHICS, COOPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT
· Student can act in accordance with the ethical principles of the field
· Student can work in work groups and projects
· Student develops oneself


Management of the foreign terminology is at least 70 % of what is demanded.
Students use foreign professional concepts expertly.
Students identify and describe anatomical structures and discover connections between structure and function

Assessment criteria, excellent (5)

PROFESSIONAL KNOWLEDGE BASE
· Student can search for knowledge from different sources and justifies their use
· Student utilizes the professional knowledge base

PROFESSIONAL SKILLS AND ACTIONS
· Student can apply professional skills in professional situations and acts responsibly
· Student can act in a client-oriented way
· Student is capable of solving professional tasks and problems

ETHICS, COOPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT
· Student justifies professional activities based on the ethical principles of the field
· Student can work in work groups and projects and shares competence
· Student develops oneself

Management of the foreign terminology is at least 90 % of what is demanded.
Students use foreign professional concepts widely and expertly for example when answering essay questions.
Students identify anatomical structures and explain their function by analysing connections between structure and function.

Assessment criteria, approved/failed

PASS: Same as satisfactory (see above)

FAIL:

PROFESSIONAL KNOWLEDGE BASE
· Student uses professional knowledge base of the field one-sidedly and is not familiar
enough with the sources of the field

PROFESSIONAL SKILLS AND ACTIONS
· Student does not have adequate professional knowledge or skills
· Student does not act according to educational objectives or instruction

ETHICS, COOPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT
· Student does not consider professional safety or ethical principles sufficiently
· Student does not show adequate readiness to participate in group and development work

Management of the foreign terminology is at least 50 % of what is demanded.
Students use foreign professional concepts systematically.
Students identify anatomical structures and repeat their meaning.

Assessment methods and criteria

Anatomy: numerically graded exams

Satisfactory (1-2)
Mastery of the foreign terminology is at least 50 % of what is inquired.
Students use foreign professional concepts systematically.
Students identify anatomical structures and repeat their meaning.

Good (3-4)
Mastery of the foreign terminology is at least 70 % of what is inquired.
Students use foreign professional concepts expertly.
Students identify and describe anatomical structures and discover connections between structure and function.

Excellent (5)
Mastery of the foreign terminology is at least 90 % of what is inquired.
Students use foreign professional concepts widely and expertly for example when answering essay questions.
Students identify anatomical structures and explain their function by analyzing connections between structure and function.

Qualifications

Learning and study skills, Anatomy and Physiology