General Anatomy and Physiology (5 cr)

Objective

Knowledge base
Students are able to
• explain the basic structure of macromolecules
• describe the structure of the cell, the cell's internal functions, genetic material, organization, protein synthesis, and cell cycle related events.
• describe the key tissues and are able to explain the cellular structure and the significance of the structure to the function.
• identify the main structures of the body
• describe the functions of organ systems, their regulation and their significance to the overall functioning of the body.
• identify the head and neck bones and muscles, as well as the main blood vessels and nerves.

Content

General Biochemistry
Proteins
o Structure
o Types
o Enzymes
o Collagen
Carbohydrates
o Structure
o Mono- and polysaccharides
o Glycosaminoglycans and Proteoglycans
o Mucins
o Glycogen
Lipids
o Structure
o Fatty acids, phospholipids, cholesterol
o Steroid hormones
o Membrane biochemistry
Nuclein acids and protein synthesis
o DNA, RNA
o Genetic code
o DNA replication
o Protein synthesis
Bioenergetics
o ATP and ADP
o Free energy
o Glycolysis
o Krebs cycle
o Oxidative phosphorylisation
o Role of oxyge
GENERAL ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
Cell
o cell membrane
o cellular organs
o stem cells and cell differentiation
parenchyma
o epithelial tissue
o connective tissue
o muscle tissue
o nerve tissue
o glands
Head
o skull
o muscles of facial expression
o deep and superficial arteries, veins and lymphatic vessels
o cerebral Nerve
o nasal cavity and cavities
o the structures of the inner ear

Blood and circulatory system
Lymphatic system
Respiratory system
Gastrointestinal disorders
Renal function and fluid balance
Musculoskeletal system (especially head and neck anatomy)
Central and peripheral nervous system, autonomic nervous system, reflexes
Nerve cell electrophysiology
o rest and action potential
o synapses
o receptors
Endocrine system
Physiology of sensing
o touch
o pain
o balance

Location and time

Myllypuro campus

Materials

Selected chapters from the following books are available for students online:
- Nienstedt, W. ja Kallio, S. Luut ja ytimet. Ihmiselimistö lyhyesti. WSOY.
- Vierimaa, H. ja Laurila, M. Keho. Anatomia ja fysiologia. WSOYpro.
- Sand, O. ym : Ihminen. Fysiologia ja anatomia. WSOY.
- Karhumäki, E. et al. Päästä varpaisiin. Ihmisen anatomia ja fysiologia. Edita.
Visible Body - virtual anatomy 3D application is available to students online
Lecture handouts

Teaching methods

online learning: lectures, reading material, assignments (Moodle)
contact lectures

Employer connections

-

Exam schedules

30.1 2025 Online-exam/ molecules, the cell
10.2 2025 exam 1/circulatory system. lymphatic system, respiratory system
4.3 2025 exam 2/ muscles and bones of head and neck, nervous system


Re-examination in EXAM, the date will be published later

Completion alternatives

-

Student workload

lectures: 35h
online assignments: 20h
exams: 5h
independent learning: 70h

Further information

-

Evaluation scale

0-5

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1)

Student is able to:
- Display learning in core content
- Use individual professional concepts correctly
- Find information for a specific situation
- Distinguish between non-theoretical and theoretical information
- Act in individual professional situations as instructed
- Display learning in his professional field
- Show that he has achieved the targets for core competence
- Follow safety instructions
- Display learning in the ethical principles of his professional field
- Operate as a member of a student group

Assessment criteria, good (3)

Student is able to:
- Display an understanding of concepts and professional knowledge in the field
- Assess and limit the amount of information needed
- Operate well in typical professional duties and contexts
- Operate in a multicultural environment
- Operate safely
- Act according to professional ethics
- Operate in a student group

Assessment criteria, excellent (5)

Student is able to:
- Use concepts and knowledge in his field systematically
- Assess and use various information sources
- Apply professional information in professional assignments
- Work in various duties in a variety of operating environments
- Act independently and responsibly in professional contexts
- To take safety issues into consideration in his action
- Argue his choices on the basis of professional ethics
- Organise the activities of a group of students

Assessment criteria, approved/failed

Student is able to:
- Display learning in core content
- Use individual professional concepts correctly
- Find information for a specific situation
- Distinguish between non-theoretical and theoretical information
- Act in individual professional situations as instructed
- Display learning in his professional field
- Show that he has achieved the targets for core competence
- Follow safety instructions
- Display learning in the ethical principles of his professional field
- Operate as a member of a student group

Assessment methods and criteria

Exams (online exams and classroom exams): 50% of points is required to pass. Grade scale 1-5.
online assignments: pass/rewrite

Qualifications

No