Opinto-opas

Objective

-Students are able to create and to keep clear, accurate and contemporaneous patient records and they have ability to interpret and respond appropriately to existing records.
-Students are able to manage with non-tolerance cases.
-Students are able to describe how to manage a patient presenting with an incomitant deviation and an adult patient with heterotropia.
-Student can describe the normal overall development of the child. They are able to describe the characteristics of special learning difficulties and the manifestation of the child's everyday life. They can describe the general features of attention and executive functions disorders and know the relation to vision. The student recognizes the role of optometrist in supporting child development and knows the possibilities of multiprofessional cooperation.
-Students are able to describe how to manage children at risk of developing or presenting with an anomaly of binocular vision. They are able to demonstrate an understanding of techniques for assessment of vision in infants. They have the ability to assess children’s visual function using appropriate techniques.
-Students are able fit special contact lenses and are able to describe the principles of the orthokeratology lens fitting. They are able to tell special features then fitting to children and infants.
-Students are able to advise on refractive surgery options. They have the ability to identify contraindications to refractive surgery. They have understanding of the techniques used in the pre-operative assessments. The have ability to manage the aftercare of patients having undergone.

Content

-General optometry: patient recording (KANTA)
-Spectacle technology: multifocal lenses special cases: anisometropia, prisms corrections, intolerance cases.
-Contact lens fitting: Specially designed lenses and fitting procedures for keratoconus, irregular corneas, keratoplastic and after refractive surgery, fitting procedures for orthokeratology.
-Binocular vision: evaluation and management of heterotropia, incomitant deviations and nystagmus.
-Pediatric optometry: normal motor, language and social development milestones, Reading, writing and arithmetic learning disability, ADHD and ADD and connection to vision, Services for supporting the child's learning. Paediatric communication, Assessment of visual acuity, Refractive examination, Spectacle dispensing, Paediatric contact lens fitting, Binocular vision disorders, Paediatric eye disorders
-Refractive surgery: General health and ocular health contraindications, Pre-operative assessment, Patient counselling, Precautions: (ectasia, corneal dystrophies, keratitis. Basics of treatment options. Postoperative assessment: follow-up schedule, typical symptoms, vision assessment, ocular examination, typical early postoperative signs.

Materials

OT articles: Laser Eye Surgery: Back to the Future (Nadia Chaudhry, Alex Hamilton and Arun Brahma), Shared care in
refractive surgery – Part 1-3 (Michelle Hanratty), Postoperative Cataract Guidence (Stanley Keys)
A Guide to Scleral Lens Fitting 2010: Eef van der Worp, College of Optometry, Pacific University
Clinical Orthoptics: Fiona J. Rowe 2012.
KANTA-lectures.
Silmätautien käsikirja 2018: Kappaleet Karsastus (Laura Lindberg), Lasten silmäsairaudet (Päivi Lindahl ja Kari Krootila) ja Taittovirhekirurgia (Jukka Moilanen)
Optometry Today article The needs of patients with learning disabilities.
Other literature will be announced later.

Teaching methods

Lectures: 30h
Practicals: 16h
Patient eye examinations in clinic

Exam schedules

Exam web-based in Moodle 14.2. at 9.00-11.00, re-exam 19.2. at 9.00-11.00, 2. re-exam 26.2. at 9.00-11.00.

Student workload

Teaching consist of approx. 30h lectures and 16h practicals followed by a two hour exam.

Further information

In case a student has a decision on special support arrangements affecting the course the student needs to contact the teacher in charge right after enrollment period.
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Detailed content:
General optometry: keeping and managing patient records and KANTA, legal, professional and ethical obligations of a registered optometrist
Clinic: colour vision assessment to determine whether it achieves the standards required by vocational group.
Spectacle technology: multifocal lenses special cases: anisometropia, prisms corrections, intolerance cases.
Contact lens fitting: Specially designed lenses and fitting procedures for keratoconus, irregular corneas, keratoplastic and after refractive surgery including quadrantic specific designs, oblique geometries with reverse curves and specifications of orders, fitting procedures for orthokeratology.
Binocular vision:
Incomitancy: etiology, pathophysiology, clinical characteristics, evaluation and management
Heterotropia: clinical procedure and implications of the Hess screen, Parks–Bielschowsky and three-step test.
Nystagmus: etiology, pathophysiology, clinical characteristics, evaluation and management including recognition of signs and objective and subjective testing for.
Syndromes: Marcus Gunn Phenomenom (Jaw Winking), Moebius syndrome, Duane syndrome, Brown syndrome
Microtropias: Definition, Prevalence, Features of microtropias, Examination, Treatment
Pediatric optometry: reading, writing and arithmetic learning disability, ADHD and ADD and connection to vision. Clinical techniques and tests to assess the development of children at various ages including visual-motor integration, intersensory integration and bilateral integration and laterality. Paediatric communication.
Tests that diagnose vision problems which may be associated with deviations from normal patterns of development; mental abilities, sensory abilities, neuromuscular and physical abilities, personal-social behaviours, speech and language abilities, multiple handicaps, specific learning disabilities. Role of the optometrist and other disciplines in screening, evaluating, managing and referring children who deviate from normal patterns of development.
Refractive and binocular vision examination of infants and children including anamnesis, cover test, retinoscopy, Hirsberg, Brücner, 20 prd-test. Assessment of visual attention and acuity including tests, clinical procedure and implications; tests includes forced choice tests, Lea symbols, grating paddles and stereo acuity Lang.
Spectacle dispensing, Paediatric contact lens fitting.
Refractive surgery: General health and ocular health contraindications, Pre-operative assessment including tomography. Patient counselling, Precautions: (ectasia, corneal dystrophies, keratitis). Basics of treatment options. Postoperative assessment: follow-up schedule, typical symptoms, vision assessment, ocular examination, typical early postoperative signs.

Evaluation scale

0-5

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1)

The student is able to:
- display learning in core content
- use individual professional concepts correctly
- find information for a specific situation
- distinguish between non-theoretical and theoretical information
- act in individual professional situations as instructed - display learning in his professional field
- show that he has achieved the targets for core competence
- follow safety instructions
- display learning in the ethical principles of his professional field
- operate as a member of a student group

Assessment criteria, good (3)

The student is able to:
- display an understanding of concepts and professional knowledge in the field
- assess and limit the amount of information needed
- operate well in typical professional duties and contexts
- operate in a multicultural environment
- operate safely
- act according to professional ethics
- operate in a student group

Assessment criteria, excellent (5)

The student is able to:
- use concepts and knowledge in his field systematically
- assess and use various information sources
- apply professional information in professional assignments
- work in various duties in a variety of operating environments
- act independently and responsibly in professional contexts
- to take safety issues into consideration in his action
- argue his choices on the basis of professional ethics
- organise the activities of a group of students

Assessment criteria, approved/failed

Student is able to:
- Display learning in core content
- Use individual professional concepts correctly
- Find information for a specific situation
- Distinguish between non-theoretical and theoretical information
- Act in individual professional situations as instructed
- Display learning in his professional field
- Show that he has achieved the targets for core competence
- Follow safety instructions
- Display learning in the ethical principles of his professional field
- Operate as a member of a student group

Fail:
The student does not know or appreciate knowledge in the field sufficiently
- The student does not know or cannot use concepts in his field properly
- The student's professional level is not properly developed
- The student is not acting in accordance with his training and guidance
- The student is not familiar with instructions related to professional safety or ethical principles
- The student withdraws from cooperation with others

Assessment methods and criteria

Compulsory attendance 100%, written assignments must be passed, Written examination: 60% out of max require to pass. MCQ-examination represents 100 % of the final mark.