Siirry suoraan sisältöön

Heikkonäköisten ja ikääntyvien näkemisen ratkaisut (5 cr)

Code: SX00BP28-3006

General information


Enrollment

02.05.2019 - 15.05.2019

Timing

13.09.2019 - 20.12.2019

Number of ECTS credits allocated

5 op

Mode of delivery

Contact teaching

Unit

Kuntoutus ja tutkiminen

Campus

Mannerheimintie 172

Teaching languages

  • Finnish

Seats

0 - 30

Degree programmes

  • Optometrian tutkinto-ohjelma

Teachers

  • Pia Mäkelä
  • Eveliina Holmgren
  • Satu Autio

Teacher in charge

Pia Mäkelä

Groups

  • SXE17K1
    Optometrian tutkinto-ohjelma

Objective

Students can apply various methods to assess vision problems in aging adults and low vision. They can prescribe and fit corrective optical appliances and low vision aids if necessary. Students are able to describe effects of aging, ocular disorders and systemic diseases on vision and visual functioning. Students can analyze problems caused by low vision and find solutions for them. They can assist customers in using their residual vision and show empathy towards customers. Students can justify the significance of community planning from the perspective of functional ability and accessible environment.

Content

Physiological aging changes in vision, the definitions, prevalence and causes of low vision, eye examination for the low vision patient, prescribing and fitting low vision aids, eccentric viewing techniques, orientation and mobility, guiding visually impaired persons, rehabilitation services and legislation regarding visually impaired persons, community planning and accessible environment.

Location and time

Autumn semester 22.8. - 20.12.2019, Department of Optometry

Materials

Lecture notes, articles
Web-source: Näkövammaisten liitto ry (Finnish Federation of the Visually Impaired): www.nkl.fi
Suggested literature:
Primary Care Optometry (5th Ed.) : Ch 17- Age-Related Vision Problems, pages 404-415, Ch 18- Age-Related Vision Loss pages 416-434, Ch 19- Care of the Vision-Impaired Patient pages 435-455.
Borish´s Clinical Refraction (2nd Ed. or newer) : Ch 35- The Elderly, pages 1571-1590, Ch 36- Patients with Low Vision pages 1591-1618.
Jane Macnaughton (2005): Low Vision Assessment. Ch 3- Adapting the eye examination for the visually impaired, pages 32-76. Ch 4 Determining and prescribing magnification, pages 77-98. Ch 7- Additional strategies and non-optical methods for improving visual performance, pages 154-170.
Riitta Lahtinen, Russ Palmer & Merja Lahtinen (2009) Aisti kuvailu (in English the same book: Environmental description for visually and dual sensory impaired people, 2010).
K M Saari (Ed.) (2011) : Silmätautioppi Ophthalmology (11th Ed.), Ch 24- Näkövammaisten kuntoutus, apuvälineet ja sosiaaliturva, pages 486-510. Appendix: Näkövammasta johtuva haittaluokitus pages 514-520.
Käppi, Anni; Laitala, Jenna (2009). Heikkonäköisen kuntoutuspolku Helsingin ja Uudenmaan Sairaanhoitopiirin alueella. Opinnäytetyö. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:amk-200912178230
Frigård, Katri; Dromberg, Elisa; Ojala, Maria (2016). Kun lasit eivät riitä : Opas heikkonäköisten apuvälinesovitukseen. Opinnäytetyö. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:amk-201604214732
https://www.theseus.fi/handle/10024/107133
Aaltonen, Laura; Itkonen, Jenni; Kemppinen, Emma (2015). Väliinputoajat : opas alentuneen näöntarkkuuden huomioimiseen optikkoliikkeessä. Opinnäytetyö. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:amk-201504234872
Practical Low Vision. Essilor Academy Europe 2013. http://www.essiloracademy.eu/en/publications/ophthalmic-optics-files
Ageing-review Optometry Today CET (2003) parts 1 ageing, definition; 2 examining, 3 visual function, 4 ant segm; 5 contact lenses, 7-17 ocular and general disorders in the aged population (cataract, post segm, amd, syst diseases causing ophthalmic manifestations 1&2)

Teaching methods

Interactive lectures
Guided practicals and assignments
Individual or group assignment
Practicals done and assessed (verbal feedback is given during the practicals)
Patient assessments at the Positia clinic
Visit to the Low Vision Centre Iiris

Exam schedules

Early written examination
Written examination: 1.11.2019. Retake 1: 16.12.2019. Retake 2: 4.2. 2020

Student workload

Theory 27h
Practical 4h
Assessment 6h
Iiris-visit 3h
Clinics minimum 4h

Further information

In case a student has a decision on special support arrangements affecting the course the student needs to contact the teacher in charge right after enrollment period.
Positia Final Clinic: Students conduct 1-2 complete optometric examinations. The patients may be low vision patients or other types of patients.
Part of the teaching may be conducted in English.
DETAILED CONTENT
Defining low vision and blindness:
Disorder, impairment, disability and handicap
WHO definitions
Evaluation of handicap for legal purposes (haittaluokat)
Low vision: Incidence and causes, prevalence
Measuring visual performance:
Acuity and contrast sensitivity
Glare and its effect
Reading
Methods of magnification:
Increasing object size
Decreasing viewing distance
Real image magnification
Telescopic magnification
Non-optical aids
Illumination and lighting
Aids for peripheral field
Eccentric viewing and “steady eye strategy”
Environmental modification and accessibility
Electronic devices and applications to aid vision
Ageing effects on vision and functioning:
Physiological changes - general and ocular physiology and functioning
Changes in vision
Visual acuity
Contrast sensitivity
Refractive error
Colour vision
Spectral transmission of the ocular media
Light sensitivity
Glare (disability and discomfort)
Dark adaptation, glare recovery
Visual fields
Critical flicker fusion frequency
Accommodation and convergence
Oculomotor system
Changes in perceptual function (non-visual) associated with ageing
Hearing
Coordination
Cognition
Social status
Clinical procedures and tests identifying changes in vision function of the ageing patient
Psychological effects of vision loss and management of patients with poor visual prognosis
Clinical management of ageing patients with multisensory loss
Assessment of the need for referral and consultation with other disciplines

Evaluation scale

0-5

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1)

The student is able to:
- display learning in professional knowledge and core content in the field
- search information from a variety of sources
- work in various duties in a variety of operating environments
- show that he has achieved the targets for core competence
- display learning in the key safety practices in the field
- act according to ethical principles
- to contribute his learning for the benefit of a group or project

Assessment criteria, good (3)

The student is able to:
- use concepts and knowledge in his field systematically
- find information and assess and use information sources with a critical eye
- apply professional information in professional assignments
- apply professional expertise in various work assignments
- act independently and responsibly in professional contexts
- plan operations with safety in mind
- act according to professional ethics
- act purposefully in working groups and projects

Assessment criteria, excellent (5)

The student is able to:
- use concepts and knowledge in his field professionally
- argue the use of his sources - argue a course of action on the basis of research information or findings
- operate in a range of duties and work situations, also in international contexts
- to act in a way that is customeroriented and displays entrepreneurial spirit
- to act responsibly, taking safety issues into consideration
- argue his choices on the basis of professional ethics
- organise and manage the operation of a group and project

Assessment criteria, approved/failed

The student is able to:
- The student does not know or appreciate knowledge in the field sufficiently
- The student does not know or cannot use concepts in his field properly
- The student's professional level is insufficient
- The student is not acting in accordance with his training and guidance
- The student is not trying to develop himself or his actions
- The student is unconcerned about professional safety or ethical principles
- The student is not motivated by or participating in group or development work

Assessment methods and criteria

Attending lectures and eye examination practicals
Early written examination (20% of the final mark)
Learning assignments (30% of the final mark)
Written examination (50% of the final mark)
Assignments at the practicals finished and evaluated (verbal feedback at the practicals)
Patient assessments at the Positia Final Clinic attended as required.

Qualifications

Ocular Health Care Examination