Opinto-opas

Objective

Students are able to describe the origin of most common infectious diseases relating to their work, describe our body’s defence response against microbes and know transmission routes of microbes. They are able to describe the most common infectious diseases affecting the eye, and their pathology, signs and symptoms. They are familiar with the basic methods of preventing microbial invasion. They are able to describe microbes that cause eye infection, incidence and signs and symptoms of the infection.
Students are able to describe the origin, development and healing process of the most common general diseases. They are able to explain the pathological changes at cellular, tissue and organ levels and demonstrate their connection to the eye and visual functions. Students are able to explain the basic terms of epidemiology, biostatistics and screening in the optometric research.

Content

Research in clinical microbiology within the medical science and optometry, an infectious disease and the causative organisms, normal flora, defense mechanisms against microbes, disruption and recovery of the normal flora, infection-causing microbes and their endogenous and exogenous routes of
transmission, eye infections. Diseases at cellular level, hemodynamic disorders, tumours, immunologic disorders, metabolic disorders, toxicology, cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, neurological disorders,
musculoskeletal disorders, nutritional disorders, congenital and hereditary disorders, epidemiological data; incidence, prevalence, odds, relative risk, variability, sensitivity, specificity, predictive value, morbidity, mortality.

Materials

Clinical Microbiology:
Duodecim Oppiportti: Mikrobiologia, Infektiosairaudet
Karhumäki Eliisa, Jonsson Anne, Saros Marita 2016: Mikrobit hoitotyön haastena. Edita
Pointed lecture materials
Pointed articles
Pointed literature
Pathology:
Patologia, Duodecim, kappaleet 1-8 (s. 9-351) + luvusta 23 Silmän sairaudet –osio (s. 1063-1071).
Silmän sytologiset näytteet ja ohutneulabiopsia. Koivuniemi, A. (toim.) 1994. Kliininen sytologia.
Kandidaattikustannus Oy.
Bibbo, M. (ed.) 1991. Comprehensive cytopathology. W.B Saunders Company.
Lecture notes.

Teaching methods

Clinical Microbiology: Interactive lectures, learning assignments, bacterial cultures.
Pathology:
Video lectures 20 h
Independet studing 60 h

Exam schedules

Patologian tentti 11.12.2019, 1. uusinta 4.2.2020 ja 2. uusinta 9.3.2020.

International connections

N/A

Completion alternatives

N/A

Student workload

Clinical Microbiology: 2 ECT points, Interactive lectures 20 h, Independent study (learning assignments) 34 h

Further information

Bacterial culture and learning assignment are compulsory.
Detailed content:
Clinical microbiology
Virology
Viral diseases
Bacteriology
Bacterial diseases
Mycology
Biology of fungi
Mycotic diseases
Parasitology
Normal flora and it`s dysfunctions
General Immunology
Antigens and antibodies
Non-specific immunity
Specific immunity
Hypersensitivity responses
Autoimmunity
Vaccination
Epidemiology and biostatistics:
Epidemiological data
• Incidence and prevalence
• Relative risk
• Odds ratio
Screening Concepts
• Sensitivity and specificity
• Predictive value
• Yield
Morbidity and mortality
• General morbidity and mortality patterns
Pathology:
Inflammation and repair
Cardiovascular diseases and the eye
• Hypertension
• Atherosclerosis
• Carotis stenosis
• Aneurysma
• Stroke
Blood diseases and the eye
• Anemia
• Leucemia
• Lymphoma
Endocrine diseases and the eye
• Diabetes
• Grave´s disease and endocrine orbitopathy
Neurologic diseases and the eye
• Headache
• Multiple sclerosis
• Brain tumors
• Intracranial pressure
Neuromuscular diseases
Nutritional disorders
• Malabsorption
• Alcoholism
• Vitamin deficiencies
Rheumatoid disorders, Vasculitis and Collagenosis
• Rheumatoid polyarthritis
• Morbus Bechterew
• Reiters Syndrome
• Sjogren Syndrom
• Giant cell arteriitis
Infectious diseases
• Viral diseases
• Bacterial diseases
• Fungal diseases
• Parasitic diseases
Tumours
• Brain tumours and vision
• Ocular metastasis of primary tumours
Congenital and hereditary conditions
• Symptoms and signs of common genetic disorders
• Symptoms and signs of common congenital disorders (foetal alcohol syndrome, rubella, syphilis, toxoplasmosis)

Evaluation scale

0-5

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1)

The student is able to:
- display learning in core content
- use individual professional concepts correctly
- find information for a specific situation
- distinguish between non-theoretical and theoretical information
- act in individual professional situations as instructed - display learning in his professional field
- show that he has achieved the targets for core competence
- follow safety instructions
- display learning in the ethical principles of his professional field
- operate as a member of a student group

Assessment criteria, good (3)

The student is able to:
- display an understanding of concepts and professional knowledge in the field
- assess and limit the amount of information needed
- operate well in typical professional duties and contexts
- operate in a multicultural environment
- operate safely
- act according to professional ethics
- operate in a student group

Assessment criteria, excellent (5)

The student is able to:
- use concepts and knowledge in his field systematically
- assess and use various information sources
- apply professional information in professional assignments
- work in various duties in a variety of operating environments
- act independently and responsibly in professional contexts
- to take safety issues into consideration in his action
- argue his choices on the basis of professional ethics
- organise the activities of a group of students

Assessment criteria, approved/failed

The student is able to:

- The student does not know or appreciate knowledge in the field sufficiently
- The student does not know or cannot use concepts in his field properly
- The student's professional level is not properly developed
- The student is not acting in accordance with his training and guidance
- The student is not familiar with instructions related to professional safety or ethical principles
- The student withdraws from cooperation with others

Assessment methods and criteria

Pathology: Two hours written examination. Grade 1-5.
Clinical microbiology: Written learning assignment represents 40 %, grade 1-5.